maanantai 24. helmikuuta 2014
KAJAANI-FINLAND
Kajaani
"Kajana" redirects here. For the town in Suriname, see Kajana, Suriname.
| Kajaani | ||
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| Town | ||
| Kajaanin kaupunki | ||
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| Coordinates: 64°13.5′N 027°44′ECoordinates: 64°13.5′N 027°44′E | ||
| Country | Finland | |
| Region | Kainuu | |
| Sub-region | Kajaani sub-region | |
| Charter | 1651 | |
| Government | ||
| • Town manager | Jari Tolonen | |
| Area(2011-01-01)[1] | ||
| • Total | 2,264.01 km2 (874.14 sq mi) | |
| • Land | 1,835.07 km2 (708.52 sq mi) | |
| • Water | 428.94 km2 (165.61 sq mi) | |
| Area rank | 33rd largest in Finland | |
| Population (2014-01-31)[2] | ||
| • Total | 38,005 | |
| • Rank | 28th largest in Finland | |
| • Density | 20.71/km2 (53.6/sq mi) | |
| Population by native language[3] | ||
| • Finnish | 97.7% (official) | |
| • Swedish | 0.1% | |
| • Others | 2.2% | |
| Population by age[4] | ||
| • 0 to 14 | 16.7% | |
| • 15 to 64 | 66.4% | |
| • 65 or older | 16.9% | |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | |
| Municipal tax rate[5] | 20% | |
| Website | www.kajaani.fi | |
There are 38,005 (31 January 2014)[2] inhabitants, and city surface area is 2,264.01 square kilometres (874.14 sq mi) of which 428.94 km2 (165.61 sq mi) is water. The population density is 20.71 inhabitants per square kilometre (53.6 /sq mi). The town is unilingually Finnish.
Folklorist Elias Lönnrot frequently went on leave of absence from his job as district doctor in Kajaani to collect folktales throughout Karelia.
Contents
History
Kajaani was one of the cities founded in 1651 by the Swedish Governor General of Finland, Per Brahe. At that time, the Kainuu region—as wood country—was an important producer of tar derived from pine, and the tar trade was its major industry. The barrels of tar were shipped to Oulujärvi and then along Oulujoki to Oulu on the Bothnian coast of the Baltic sea. From there, tar was shipped to continental Europe, where it was used as a sealant and an anti-rot agent for ship hulls.One famous historical monument in Kajaani are the ruins of Kajaani Castle, located on an island in River Kajaani in the centre of the city. The castle was originally built in 1604 and completed in 1666. The castle served as an administrative centre, prison, military base and a refuge for the citizens.
In the beginning of 20th century Kajaani industrialized step by step and the city begun growing especially after a railroad connection southward to Iisalmi and further to Helsinki and St Petersburg was established. The growth of population was strongest just after the Second World War. The population has been decreasing since mid-1990s.
In 1977 the separate rural municipality of Kajaani, Kajaanin maalaiskunta, and Kajaani were consolidated to form the City of Kajaani. The town, in addition to railroad and road connections, is served by a Finnair-operated air connection to Helsinki, during the summer twice daily and three times a day during the winter schedule period. Kajaani Airport, located in the Paltaniemi area, close to central Kajaani, is maintained and operated by Finavia, also serving the needs of non-commercial general aviation.
Vuolijoki was consolidated with Kajaani in the beginning of 2007.
Climate
Kajaani lies within the subarctic climate zone, but the proximity of the Baltic Sea and warm airflows from the Atlantic result in a much milder climate than many locations in this latitude. Summers are cool and in winter, temperature can drop below −30 °C (−22 °F).| [hide]Climate data for Kajaani | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6 (43) |
5 (41) |
11 (52) |
21 (70) |
27 (81) |
30 (86) |
31 (88) |
31 (88) |
28 (82) |
15 (59) |
10 (50) |
6 (43) |
31 (88) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −8 (18) |
−7 (19) |
−1 (30) |
5 (41) |
12 (54) |
18 (64) |
20 (68) |
17 (63) |
12 (54) |
5 (41) |
−2 (28) |
−7 (19) |
5.3 (41.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −14 (7) |
−14 (7) |
−10 (14) |
−4 (25) |
2 (36) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
9 (48) |
5 (41) |
0 (32) |
−6 (21) |
−11 (12) |
−2 (28.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41 (−42) |
−37 (−35) |
−35 (−31) |
−25 (−13) |
−11 (12) |
−3 (27) |
3 (37) |
−3 (27) |
−7 (19) |
−22 (−8) |
−26 (−15) |
−35 (−31) |
−41 (−42) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 19.1 (0.752) |
18.8 (0.74) |
18.8 (0.74) |
16 (0.63) |
22.8 (0.898) |
38.8 (1.528) |
42.5 (1.673) |
48.8 (1.921) |
29.1 (1.146) |
31.1 (1.224) |
24.3 (0.957) |
21 (0.83) |
331.1 (13.039) |
| Source #1: MSN Weather | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Weatherbase | |||||||||||||
Culture
Since 1993 The Art Museum of Kajaani (Kajaanin taidemuseo) has operated in the city. The collection of the museum centers on Finnish modern art.The Kajaani Town Theatre Kajaanin kaupunginteatteri was established in 1969 and is one of the most respected theaters in Finland. It was chosen as the Theatre of the Year in 2003 and continues to attract ambitious actors and theatre directors, as well as a wealth of audience from across Finland. As the leading theatre in the Kainuu district, every year the Kajaani Town Theatre goes on the road to tour neighbouring towns and villages, and has been known occasionally to find its way to Southern Finland as well.
The most notable annual cultural events in Kajaani are Kajaanin Runoviikko (The Kajaani Poetry Week), originally known as Sana ja Sävel, and Kainuun JazzKevät (The Kainuu Jazz Spring).
Economy
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Military base Kainuu Brigade is also an important employer. It is the largest garrison in Finland—the Brigade employs approximately 600 people and trains 4,000 conscripts a year. There is a polytechnical institute in the city.
The engineering and railway rolling stock manufacturer Transtech Oy has a factory at Otanmäki to the south-west of Kajaani. Many of VR's carriages have been built at Otanmäki.
Famous persons
- President Urho Kekkonen lived 1911 – 1921 in the town.
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Kajaani is twinned with:| City | Country | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Östersund |  Sweden |
1943 |
| Rostov-on-Don |  Russia |
1956 |
| Schwalm-Eder-Kreis |  Germany |
1973 |
| Nyíregyháza |  Hungary |
1981 |
| Marquette |  United States |
1997 |
| Jiujiang |  China |
2006 |
| Bayonne |  France |
2008[6] |
The Districts and Villages of the City of Kajaani
Districts:
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Districts: (cont'd)
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Villages:
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References
- Jump up ^ "Area by municipality as of 1 January 2011" (PDF) (in Finnish and Swedish). Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "VÄESTÖTIETOJÄRJESTELMÄ REKISTERITILANNE 31.1.2014" (in Finnish and Swedish). Population Register Center of Finland. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
- Jump up ^ "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- Jump up ^ "Population according to age and gender by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
- Jump up ^ "List of municipal and parish tax rates in 2011". Tax Administration of Finland. 29 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- Jump up ^ "National Commission for Decentralised cooperation". Délégation pour l’Action Extérieure des Collectivités Territoriales (Ministère des Affaires étrangères) (in French). Retrieved 2013-12-26.
External links
- Town of Kajaani – Official website
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